Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A wheelchair ramp can be an effective aid to assist your loved ones live more independently at home. If they are not designed properly, they can be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require level landings on any changes in direction to prevent compound slopes. They must also provide a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp design should meet the Americans with Disabilities Act standards to allow wheelchairs to maneuver the structure with ease. The ramp's slope shouldn't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings have to be level at any change of direction or shift on the ramp's surface. It should also be constructed using treated lumber that is more durable than lumber that is not treated and can withstand the effects of rain better.

The sides and top of the ramp must be free of obstructions like bushes, trees or other structures that may interfere with the safe passage of the ramp's user. The surface of the ramp must be non-slip and hard. Certain municipalities require the use of an anti-slip surface running along the entire length of the ramp.

For the frame of the ramp Choose treated lumber that is at minimum four inches wide. To ensure the ramp is secured, construct posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend beyond ground level. Spindles should be used to join the posts with the rubber ramp for Wheelchair's railings. This kind of connection is recommended because it decreases the chance of an operator of the ramp falling off the side of the ramp.

Then, build the frame for the ramp using Joists that are at minimum 16 inches long and beams of 2 by 4 inches. The joists should be placed at minimum 18 inches above the ground and secured using joist hangings which are nails that grip inside the joists to prevent them from sliding. Attach the ramp decking using a framing nailer.

Add an upper landing to the doorway to ensure wheelchair occupants can easily manage the doorswing. The landing should be enough to provide at least 12 to 24 inches of "elbow space" on the handle side of out-swing doors. The landing for doors with in-swinging should be 58 x 60 in order to accommodate the threshold of the door as well as a wheelchair user who needs to walk backwards in the doorway.

Install a level landing whenever you change in ramp direction to prevent the necessity for wheelchairs to hit on their brakes while turning corners. A level landing also makes it easier to move the ramp away from the way, if needed, so that lawnmowers or other equipment can pass underneath it.

Materials

Aluminium, concrete, or wood can be used to build a wheelchair ramp. A professional ramp installer will help you choose the best option for your office or home. When choosing the material for the ramp, it's important to take into account your budget and specific needs. The ramp should be easy to maintain and safe to use. Certain cities require that the ramp be paved with a non-slip surface.

Before you purchase any material or begin construction, make sure that you have the appropriate permits from your local government, and that you follow all building codes in your area. Making use of the incorrect materials or methods of construction could result in hazardous conditions for wheelchair users. You can get the most up-to-date information on construction requirements at your local government's building department office, library or online.

Wood ramps are typically the least expensive of ADA ramp materials, but they require more maintenance than other options. Wood ramps should be maintained regularly using sealers to stop decay. Wood can splinter and be hazardous for those using wheelchairs. Wood ramps may require additional support to keep the structure upright and stable.

Concrete ramps are extremely durable and last for a long time, but they can be costly. They are heavy, which means that more labor is required to put in them and can make it difficult to move the ramp after it is it is no longer required. Concrete ramps can withstand the weight of large power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are less heavy and less expensive than concrete or steel. They also have the same durability, strength, and resistance to corrosion. They are also more affordable than steel or iron and are an ideal choice for those on a limited budget. Aluminum is also eco-friendly as it is found naturally in the Earth's crust, and can be recycled.

The upper landing of the ramp should be at a level, or within 3/8 inch of the threshold in order to allow the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to move over it without becoming stuck. portable ramps for wheelchair that have gaps greater than this will not meet ADA standards. It is also important to ensure that the ramp is smooth transitioning from the upper landing to the surface. The ramp's final section should have a beveled edge that will prevent wheelchairs from stopping abruptly when entering or leaving the home.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is a ramp that has a plane that can be installed as an alternative to or in the place of steps. It allows wheelchair users and those who use strollers or carts to reach areas that are otherwise difficult to access.

There are many factors to consider when choosing a ramp for a wheelchair that should be considered, including the height, location and cost. The ideal is for a ramp to be located near the door as it is possible to help prevent unnecessary transportation. It should be located at a level where the person using it is able to easily navigate. It should also be secured to the ground and clear of obstructions, like trees or parked cars.

ADA regulations state that ramps must have handrails either side. The rails must be at least 36 inches apart, and have an edging surface that is smooth or rounded. They must also be attached to the edge of the ramp and extend 12 inches over it. If a ramp is equipped with switchesbacks or an L-shaped layout handrails must be in continuous use between the ramp runs.

The length of the ramp is determined by its slope. However, there are some standard ramp types which can be used in all situations. A threshold ramp, for instance is placed flush against the lip of the curb or threshold of the doorway. portable folding ramp for wheelchairs ramps are on the other hand, can be moved to a different location and are available in different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps may also be assembled on-site. These electric ramps for wheelchairs are commonly employed in public or commercial areas and are typically longer.

If you're considering an all-weather ramp, be sure to check with the building department of your city to determine if you require a permit. It's also a good idea to speak with a mobility ramps for wheelchairs expert to find out what type ramp will be the most suitable for your requirements and the space that you have. In some instances installing a permanent ramp can even boost the value of your home.

Maintenance

It is crucial to maintain your wheelchair ramp, especially if it will be used often. You'll need to conduct regular inspections, and fix any structural issues that arise. This will ensure that the ramp is compliant with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Wooden ramps require regular maintenance to remove dirt and debris that can obstruct access. Keep the ramp clean to prevent moisture from building up under the surface. This can cause rot. The wood preservatives or stains will only work when the ramp has been thoroughly cleaned prior to applying.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps due to the fact that they are more likely wear and tear. The most important thing is to make sure you have the proper tools for the job. A good set of gauge spanners as well as screwdrivers are vital to ensure that all fixings are tight and secure. Also, you should regularly check the handrails for signs corrosion or damage. It is possible that over time, and with repeated use, some of the fittings and bolts that hold the handrails on could loosen, which can be a major safety concern for people who use the ramp.

Another crucial aspect is to ensure that the surface of the ramp has enough grip, especially during winter when conditions may be challenging. You'll need to remove any leaves, dirt and other debris that could hinder the surface and cause slippage. In addition, you'll want to apply an ice melt that is not corrosive to the ramp's surface prior to winter arrives to avoid slips and causing injury.

If you're planning to use your ramp during winter, consider investing in wheels for traction or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. These wheels are designed to track better on slippery and snowy surfaces. They will allow you to remain on your ramp longer than regular wheelchair tires. Alternately, you can put heating pads or tape along the ramp's surface to melt ice and snow before it gets accumulated.